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31.
Genetic relationships among actinomycetes that produce the immunosuppressant macrolides FK506, FK520/FK523 and rapamycin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
George M. Garrity Brain K. Heimbuch Haideh Motamedi Ali Shafiee 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1993,12(1):42-47
Summary A polyphasic taxonomic study was undertaken to establish the genetic and phenotypic relationships among six actinomycetes that produce the immunosuppressant macrolides FK506, FK520/FK523 and rapamycin. Chemotaxonomic studies reveal that all have Type I cell walls. Gas chromatography (GC) of fatty acid methyl esters revealed patterns consistent for strains ofStreptomyces with 160 and 150anteiso predominating. Principal component analysis of GC data revealed distinct profiles for each culture. Reciprocal DNA homology studies atT
m
-25 showed the rapamycin-producing strain and one FK506-producing strain to have 38–50% homology with the type strain ofStreptomyces hygroscopicus (ATCC 27438). The remaining strains exhibited 6–17% homology. To further explore the relationships among these strains all were probed for the presence of anO-methyltransferase gene specific to this biosynthetic pathway. Among the strains of interest, onlyStreptomyces hygroscopicus subsp.yakushimaensis, the patent strain for FK520/FK523, failed to hybridize with the probes. 相似文献
32.
气囊(gas vesicles,GVs)是一种存在于蓝藻及古菌等微生物中调节浮力的类细胞器纳米结构,由蛋白质外壳包裹气体组成。近年来的研究表明,气囊具有作为超声分子影像探针的潜力。然而,气囊的充放气机制并不明确,限制了生物合成超声分子影像探针的保存和气体更换。本研究发现环境pH值是调节气囊充放气的一个重要因素。其不仅可以调节藻细胞内的气囊充放气进而使微囊藻呈现不同的漂浮状态,还可对提纯的气囊充放气进行体外调节,且该调节过程可逆。该机制的阐明为生物合成超声分子影像探针的大规模生产和保存,特别对气囊中的气体进行更换以满足不同的诊疗需求提供了技术支持,助力生物合成超声造影剂在疾病诊疗中的应用。 相似文献
33.
P. Khanna 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》1996,12(5):457-461
The emergence and acceptance of the concept of sustainable development warrants that the scope of environmental biotechnology be enlarged to address issues like environmental monitoring, restoration of environmental quality, resource/residue/waste-recovery/utilization/treatment, and substitution of the non-renewable resource base with renewable resources. This paper delineates the current and prospective applications in these sub-areas of environmental biotechnology, and documents case studies on environmental monitoring (enteric viruses), restoration of environmental quality (oil spill remediation), resource recovery (hydrocarbon recovery from oily sludges, biosurfactants from distillery spentwash, desulphurization of coal & sour gases), and substitution of non-renewable resources with renewables (conversion of lignocellulisics into value added chemicals).The author is with the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur: 440 020, India 相似文献
34.
为制备用地高辛精(Digoxigenin,Dig)标记的酶氨酸羟化酶(TyrosineHydroxylase,TH)RNA探针,本研究用分子生物学技术重组质粒PGEMTHI,即分别将携带T7和Sp6启动子的PGEM-3zf质粒和携带TH基因的PKSTH质粒用限制性内切酶消化并行分离纯化,得到带T7和sp6启动子的DNA片段和TH基因片段;经T4DNA连接酶连接后转入大肠杆菌,得到pGEMTH1重组克隆。经小量提取质粒井用酶切分析检测,证实其确有TH基因且方向正确。将此质粒再经限制性内切酶消化则得到线状DNA片段,用T7RNA聚合酶转录合成带有Dig标记的高比活度的单链RNA探针;经斑点杂交试验证实该探针具有较高的可靠性。这将为基因治疗帕金森氏病动物模型的疗效检测提供有效手段。 相似文献
35.
36.
We report a new technique using fluorescent probes to detect a mRNA and a protein simultaneously in the Drosophila embryo. For in situ hybridization, 3-hydroxy-N-2′-biphenyl-2-naphthalenecarboxamide phosphate ester (HNPP)/Fast Red TR was used as a fluorescent substrate for alkaline
phosphatase. It was possible to compare protein and mRNA expression on a cell by cell basis with a laser scanning confocal
microscope. We applied this technique to analyse the dynamics of Distal-less (Dll) enhancer activity in the thoracic limb primordium in the early Drosophila embryo. We stained embryos bearing the Dll early enhancer (Dll-304) fused to the Escherichia coli lacZ gene. LacZ mRNA was detectable in the ventral region of the limb primordium, and β-galactosidase protein in the dorsal region. In the
middle, both mRNA and protein were detectable. These results suggest that the Dll enhancer is activated in the ventral region of the limb primordium and that Dll-positive cells migrate from a ventral position to a dorsal one within a single limb primordium.
Received: 7 April 1997 / Accepted: 15 May 1997 相似文献
37.
We have developed a nonradioactive oligonucleotide multilocus DNA fingerprinting method for Cynoglossum officinale . Of the 19 probes tested, six probes yielded banding patterns for all restriction enzymes used. All but one of the informative probes are repeats with a four-base motif. Approximately 60% of the loci appeared to be polymorphic. The sensitivity of the nonradioactive method was equal to that of the radioactive method. In addition, a new simple calculation method is presented to estimate selfing rates and approximate 95% confidence limits from the DNA fingerprint profiles avoiding 'between-gel' comparisons. The selfing rates differed significantly (as determined from 95% confidence intervals) between naturally pollinated individuals of C. officinale within the experimental population. The estimates ranged from 0 to 70% selfing. 相似文献
38.
M. J. Bidochka S. R. A. Walsh M. E. Ramos R. J. St. Leger R. I. Carruthers J. C. Silver & D. W. Roberts 《Molecular ecology》1997,6(4):303-308
Entomophaga grylli is a fungal pathogen of grasshoppers and at least three pathotypes are recognized world-wide. Pathotypes 1 and 2 are endemic to North America while the Australian pathotype 3 had been released into two field sites in North Dakota between 1989 and 1991. Grasshoppers were collected over the summer at the field sites in 1992 and assessed for pathotype infection by cloned DNA probe analysis. The three most predominant grasshopper species that were infected ( Melanoplus sanguinipes, M. bivittatus and Camnula pellucida ) were assessed for pathotype infection with respect to their life stages (nymphal instars and adult males and females). Pathotype 1 predominantly infected grasshoppers in the subfamilies Oedipodinae and Gomphocerinae and pathotype 2 predominantly infected grasshoppers in the subfamily Melanoplinae. Early-instar M. sanguinipes and M. bivittatus had higher pathotype 2 infection frequencies, while late-instar and adult C. pellucida had higher pathotype 1 infection frequencies. Cross-infection by the pathotypes did occur in up to 3% of the individuals, on a per species basis, and primarily in later instar and adult grasshoppers. Pathotype 3 infections occurred in later instar and adults of the three grasshopper species. Infection of grasshoppers by E. grylli pathotypes is discussed with reference to the fungal life cycles. 相似文献
39.
利用Oligo1000DNA合成仪(Beckman)合成了长度为45bp的寡核苷酸单链,经纯化后用同位素γ-32P-ATP作5′末端标记后,制备成鱼类LZF-IDNA指纹探针。通过对鱼类的群体实验、亲子鉴定实验、组织细胞的稳定性实验和鱼类种类的适用范围实验后,测得:(1)LZF-IDNA指纹探针属多位点寡核苷酸探针;(2)LZF-IDNA指纹探针在鱼类种群中的鉴别机率为9.23×10-16;(3)LZF-IDNA指纹探针在鱼类亲子鉴定实验中的父系概率为0.999962;(4)LZF-IDNA指纹探针,是一种稳定的,既具有个体识别能力,又具有一定种属特异性的、适用于鱼类DNA指纹图研究的基因指纹探针。 相似文献
40.
A general synthetic strategy is described for the preparation of peptide-conjugates where the peptides contain the NH2 terminal, COOH terminal, or internal regions of the protein sequence. Glycoprotein D of herpes simplex virus type 1 is used as a representative protein. Ten-residue peptide fragments of the native sequence were synthesized using standard solid-phase methodology. Photoprobes stable to conditions of synthesis and HF cleavage were coupled directly to the protected-peptide resin during synthesis. This one-step procedure eliminates the potential modification of functional groups in the sequence of interest that can occur when using chemically labile bifunctional reagents. Since the photoprobe is inert until photolysis, the synthetic peptide-probe can be readily purified by high-performance liquid chromatography before cross-linking to the carrier molecule. The following photoprobe derivatives were investigated: thep-azidobenzoyl,p-nitrophenylalanyl, andp-benzoylbenzoyl groups. The benzophenone photoprobes were shown to give the highest incorporation of peptide-probe with the protein carrier over a wide range ofpH and solvent conditions. For solid-phase synthesis three benzophenone photoprobes can be used: benzoylbenzoic acid, benzoylbenzoylglycine, andN
e-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)-N
-t-butyloxycarbonyl-lysine. 相似文献